When to plant or sow Bell Pepper?

Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum) are tender, heat-loving vegetables that need full sun and warm conditions to crop well. In temperate Europe they're best started indoors from seed in March or early April, then planted out once all risk of frost has passed—typically mid-May in most areas, though you may need to wait until late May in cooler regions. Choose a sheltered spot in full sun, ideally against a south-facing wall or in a greenhouse or polytunnel where heat accumulates. Prepare the soil by digging in plenty of well-rotted compost or manure a few weeks before planting. Bell peppers prefer loam or sandy soil that drains freely but holds moisture; heavy clay should be improved with organic matter and grit. The soil should be slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0). Space plants 40 cm apart in rows or blocks to allow good air circulation and room for the bushy growth. Plant out only when seedlings have at least four true leaves and nighttime temperatures stay reliably above 10°C. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball, set the plant at the same depth it was growing in its pot, firm gently, and water in well. If growing outdoors, consider using cloches or fleece for the first week or two to help plants settle. Insert a short cane or stake at planting time if you're growing taller varieties; tie the main stem loosely as it grows. Mulch around the base with compost or straw to conserve moisture and suppress weeds, keeping the mulch a few centimetres clear of the stem to prevent rot.