Kersenboom

Prunus avium

Engels: Cherry Tree

treeRosaceae🇳🇱 InheemsEetbaar

Kersenboom (Prunus avium) is a native to the Netherlands, edible tree from the Rosaceae family that grows up to 15 meters tall. This plant thrives in full sun and requires moderate maintenance. Blooms in spring with white, pink flowers and attracts bees and butterflies and birds.

Hoogte

600–1500 cm

Breedte

500–1000 cm

Zonligging

full sun

Waterbehoefte

moderate

Grondsoort

loam, chalky soil, sandy soil

Onderhoud

moderate maintenance

Bloeitijd

spring

Bloemkleuren

white, pink

Ecologische waarde

Trekt bijen aan

🦋 Trekt vlinders aan

Trekt vogels aan

Verzorgingskalender

Taak	Jan	Feb	Mrt	Apr	Mei	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Okt	Nov	Dec
🌱Planten
✂️Snoeien
💧Bemesten
🍎Oogsten

Care tips

Planting

Choose a site in full sun with enough space for a mature tree that will reach 6–15 metres tall and spread 5–10 metres wide. Cherry trees tolerate a range of soils—loam, chalky, or sandy—but they must be well-drained; waterlogged roots will quickly fail. Avoid frost pockets, as late spring frosts can damage blossom and ruin your crop. Plant bare-root trees between November and March, ideally in November or December while the soil still holds some warmth. Container-grown specimens can go in during February or March if winter planting isn't possible. Dig a hole twice the width of the root ball but no deeper; the graft union (a visible kink low on the trunk) should sit a few centimetres above soil level. Break up compacted soil at the base of the hole with a fork to aid drainage and root penetration. Position the tree, spread the roots gently, and backfill with the excavated soil mixed with a spadeful of well-rotted compost. Firm the soil with your heel as you go to eliminate air pockets, but don't stamp it hard. Space trees at least 6 metres apart—more if you're planting multiple specimens or a small orchard. Stake immediately using a single vertical stake driven in at a 45-degree angle to avoid root damage, and attach the trunk with a flexible tree tie. Water thoroughly after planting—at least two full watering cans—and apply a 5–8 cm layer of well-rotted manure or bark mulch around the base, keeping it clear of the trunk to prevent rot.

Pruning

Prune cherry trees in July or August, during the growing season when sap is flowing. Never prune in winter: open wounds in dormant wood invite silver leaf disease, a serious fungal infection that can kill the tree. Summer pruning also reduces the risk of bacterial canker. For young trees in their first three or four years, focus on building a balanced framework. Remove any shoots growing from the trunk below the main branches, and thin crossing or inward-facing stems to create an open, goblet-shaped crown that allows light and air into the centre. Cut back the tips of the main branches by about a quarter to encourage strong lateral growth. Established trees need lighter pruning. Remove dead, damaged, or diseased wood first, cutting back to healthy tissue. Take out any branches that rub against each other or grow vertically through the centre of the canopy. Aim to maintain the open structure you established early on. Cherry trees fruit on short spurs that develop on older wood, so avoid heavy pruning of mature branches unless necessary. Always use clean, sharp secateurs or a pruning saw. Make cuts just above an outward-facing bud at a slight angle, and avoid leaving stubs. If you must remove a large branch, cut it in sections to prevent tearing the bark. Dispose of all prunings—don't compost diseased material. If silver leaf symptoms appear (a silvery sheen on leaves, purple staining in cut wood), prune affected branches back to clean wood immediately.

Maintenance

Water young cherry trees regularly during their first two growing seasons, especially in dry spells between April and September. Once established, they tolerate moderate moisture and rarely need watering except during prolonged drought. Overwatering or poor drainage encourages root diseases and canker. Feed in late February or early March before bud break. Scatter a general-purpose granular fertiliser such as Growmore or blood, fish, and bone in a circle around the tree, staying 30 cm clear of the trunk, then water in. A mulch of well-rotted manure applied at the same time provides slow-release nutrients and suppresses weeds. Top up the mulch each spring but keep it away from the bark. Cherry trees are prone to several problems. Aphids cluster on new growth in spring; a strong jet of water usually dislodges them, or use an insecticidal soap if numbers are high. Birds will strip ripe fruit in June and July—netting is the only reliable defence, though it's impractical on large trees. Silver leaf disease and bacterial canker are the most serious threats; good hygiene, summer pruning, and prompt removal of infected wood are your best protection. Brown rot can affect fruit and blossom; pick up and bin fallen fruit to reduce spores. In autumn, rake up fallen leaves to limit overwintering of fungal diseases. Cherry trees are fully hardy in zones 4a–8b and need no winter protection. Check tree ties annually and loosen them as the trunk thickens to prevent girdling.